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Treonato de Magnesio y su función en la salud del sistema nervioso.

Magnesium Threonate and its role in nervous system health.

Magnesium threonate and neural function.

Magnesium threonate, a salt of threonic acid and magnesium, has emerged as a promising nutritional supplement, particularly for its ability to increase magnesium levels in the brain and improve nervous system function. Magnesium's relevance in neuromodulation, synaptic plasticity, and protection against neurotoxic stress makes it a crucial element for neuronal health.

This article reviews the metabolic pathways involved, the receptors on which magnesium threonate acts or modulates, and the biological effects demonstrated, based on evidence from published scientific articles.

Metabolic Pathways and Shared Effects

Magnesium threonate influences nervous system function through its unique ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, thereby elevating magnesium levels in the brain. This is significant, given that magnesium plays a vital role in the activation of ion channels, which are crucial for synaptic transmission and neural plasticity. Enhanced synaptic plasticity, particularly in the hippocampus, is directly linked to improved learning and memory processes.

In addition, magnesium modulates the activity of the enzyme adenylyl cyclase, which is essential in ATP metabolism and second messenger signaling. This affects various neuronal processes, including the release of neurotransmitters.

Receptors and Modulation

Magnesium threonate acts by modulating NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptors, which are essential for synaptic plasticity and signal transmission in the brain. NMDA receptors are sensitive to magnesium concentration and their activation is critical for learning and memory processes. Magnesium acts as a natural blocker of these receptors, thus regulating calcium entry into neurons and preventing excitotoxicity, a process that can lead to neuronal death.

Demonstrated Biological Effects

Research has shown that magnesium threonate supplementation may improve memory and cognitive function. One study in mice found that magnesium threonate increased synapse density in the hippocampus, which correlated with improvements in learning ability and memory (Slutsky et al., 2010).

Another recent study in adults demonstrated the effect of improving several areas of cognitive function. In addition, magnesium has been observed to have neuroprotective effects, reducing oxidative stress and inflammation in the brain, which is beneficial for the treatment and prevention of neurodegenerative conditions.





References


  • Slutsky, I., Abumaria, N., Wu, L.J., Huang, C., Zhang, L., Li, B., Zhao, X., Govindarajan, A., Zhao, M.G., Zhuo, M., Tonegawa, S., & Liu, G. (2010). Enhancement of learning and memory by elevating brain magnesium. Neuron , 65 (2), 165–177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2009.12.026
  • Li, W., Yu, J., Liu, Y., Huang, X., Abumaria, N., Zhu, Y., Huang, X., Xiong, W., Ren, C., Liu, X.G., Chui , D., & Liu, G. (2014). Elevation of brain magnesium prevents synaptic loss and reverses cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease mouse model. Molecular brain , 7 , 65. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13041-014-0065-y
  • Zhang, C., Hu, Q., Li, S., Dai, F., Qian, W., Hewlings, S., Yan, T., & Wang, Y. (2022). A Magtein®, Magnesium L-Threonate, -Based Formula Improves Brain Cognitive Functions in Healthy Chinese Adults. Nutrients , 14 (24), 5235. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14245235
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